Different Stages of Periodontal Disease

When plaque is not removed during regular brushing and flossing, it starts accumulating. Plaque contains harmful bacteria that feed on the sugars in the foods that we eat. When these bacteria digest and process the sugars, they create an acid byproduct that leads to tooth decay. When plaque is allowed to continue to build up over time, it turns into tartar. If plaque and tartar accumulate at the gumline, it is likely you will develop periodontal disease. There are different types of periodontal disease.

 

Gingivitis is the first stage of periodontal disease. It is characterized by red, swollen gums that tend to bleed during regular brushing and flossing. It is likely that the patient will also develop bad breath. Gingivitis is highly treatable and reversible. Many times, improving your oral hygiene and visiting the dentist for regular dental cleanings is enough to treat gingivitis. In some cases, scaling and root planing may be necessary.

 

If your gingivitis is not treated, it will progress into the next stage of periodontal disease, periodontitis. This stage of the disease is characterized by the development of periodontal pockets, continued swelling and bleeding, bone loss, loose teeth, and also tooth loss. Depending on how bad your periodontitis is, our Los Angeles periodontists may be able to treat it through a scaling and root planing procedure. If that is not effective, surgery such as flap surgery, bone grafts, or soft tissue grafts may be necessary.